Wiring system: Discussion on CAT6 wiring installation

High-speed network demand and high bandwidth network applications, the achievement of CAT6 wiring system is widely used and technological innovation, CAT6 integrated wiring system in the market share of a growing proportion, and today’s market many integrated wiring manufacturers, from Europe and the United States to Taiwan to Chinese brands, most of the vendors launched CAT6 wiring series products.

General fluke testing in the upper limit of technical standards can be passed, but the test parameters are different, the level of redundancy to measure the advantages and disadvantages of product technology and quality, as well as the number of years of use, product quality also depends on long-term use and a high number of years of warranty.

Wiring construction, ultra-CAT5 construction requirements are not high, and the above-mentioned product quality and production technology, the CAT6 system is completely different, from the international UL standards, as well as Denmark 3P certification, and so on, also emphasized CAT6 product technology and production indicators requirements. And in the construction that requires higher technology, CAT6 products also reflect the importance of strict construction standards and product matching.

As we all know, CAT6 wiring system is a network cabling system based on ultra-CAT5 higher rate and bandwidth, the required bandwidth (250MHZ) is near twice times that of the original ultra-CAT5. At the beginning of 2003, since the introduction of CAT6 wiring standards, the manufacturers are basically in accordance with this standard to produce and test this system products, and CAT6 wiring system is a permanent link test application layer, the physical link of the transmission medium is still mainly copper cable, UL standard using Line 23 line core, The upper limit is 0.573-0.576, and the line diameter 6.5±0.3mm bears about 11.4KG.

The wire body structure requires a cross core design in order to reduce the crosstalk of the line pair. In the hardware of connectors, the interface is still the international (TIA/EIA) network standard RJ45 interface, but the manufacturers in order to achieve the best transmission performance and insertion connection matching, shrapnel needle angle designed with different high and low contacts, in order to achieve the best performance.

The American Communications Industry Association (TIA) officially promulgated the CAT6 wiring standard, for the CAT6 system purchase and installation of many manufacturers have also done the corresponding training and written teaching materials, but based on the problems arising from the construction practice, the manufacturers have different problems, especially in the CAT6 construction of the bending radius of the twisted line body, pull, connector matching and so on, as well as the compatibility of different manufacturers CAT6 products.

In the CAT6 wiring system, as well as shielding and non-shielding between the construction methods and caused by the adverse factors become the real problem to be solved. We know that CAT6 wiring system connectors such as CAT6 information module, CAT6 wiring rack RJ45 interface, including the two-layer structure of the CAT6 RJ45 information connector, each manufacturer have a different design, Detwyler cable System (Shanghai) CAT6 non-shielded RJ45 network interface provided by the Co., Ltd. is equipped with a unique high and low contact design, with two layers of RJ45 information connector (RJ45 Crystal Head) to meet the performance of the transmission requirements.

In the construction, because of the different production design of the manufacturers, but also in order to achieve the best link transmission effect, so there are no recommendation users to make their own non-finished RJ45CAT6 jumper, if in special cases, as a last resort to produce, it is best to use the same manufacturer of 6 types of RJ45 joints to make jumpers. The RJ45 Crystal Head purchased on the market, most of them are single-layer design, in the construction of manual crimping jumper joints, because of handmade, it is difficult to avoid the possibility of RJ45 crystal Head blade PIN cannot be pressed down, such connectors, plug-in CAT6 wiring rack interface is easy to cause damage to the wiring rack interface, It is easy to cause damage to the needle angle of the information module in the workspace (often occurring).

Before installing the CAT6 cabling System, first we have to compare the CAT6 product with the Ultra CAT5 product:

The outer diameter (6.3mm) of the CAT6UTP twisted-pair cable provided by the Detwyler cabling system is significantly larger than that of the ultra-CAT5 cable outer diameter structure (5.3mm), and the twisted-pair copper core ultra-CAT5 uses a 24AWG (0.51mm) line core, while the CAT6 uses the line core of 23AWG (0.57mm).

In the system single test, ultra-CAT5 based on 100Mhz frequency test redundancy is higher, such as CAT6 test needs at the 250MHz frequency, test redundancy is low, so in the installation of CAT6, although the installation and ultra-CAT5 similar, its requirements are very high. In the integrated wiring, because the test allowance of the CAT6 system is smaller than that of the ultra-CAT5 system, the construction process requirements are high, special attention should be paid to the construction and installation, how to install the CAT6 wiring system, the installation process must be rigorous, laying the horizontal groove should pay attention to the structure of the horizontal groove, whether there are metal burrs

Do not cause damage to the cable, avoid doing more with less. Whether it is to do ultra-CAT5 wiring system installation or CAT6 wiring system installation, in the integrated wiring of the six subsystems, the horizontal subsystem occupies 90% of the wiring installation, that is, if after the integrated wiring installation, easy to fail to account for the highest ratio is also the horizontal sub-wiring system, and in a network system,

The comprehensive wiring failure rate occupies 80%, so the choice of high-quality wiring products and a good wiring construction technology is dependent on a network application of the key to good or bad.

CAT6 Cabling System Product selection requirements

  • CAT6 cabling system should be selected from the overall transmission medium because CAT6 is a permanent link level cabling system, in addition to the selection of high-performance cables, the connector part is also very important, such as CAT6 information module, CAT6 wiring rack, and the finished product CAT6UTP jumper.
  • Product compatibility and matching are also very important, so in the selection of CAT6 wiring products, it is best to choose the same manufacturer of CAT6 wiring products, because each manufacturer connector structure is different, jumper high and low contacts, connection matching is also different. Any connectors that do not match it affects the transmission performance of the entire information link.
  • Manufacturers should provide CAT6 products and systems in the 1-250mhz bandwidth of comprehensive test data, and stand up to the Cat6iso/tia standard requirements of the parameters and indicators one by one, while the overall link testing to meet the standard requirements.
  • Products mature, has long been commercialized, should have CAT6 system engineering widely used, manufacturers should also provide some domestic and foreign third-party and official institutions of the test results.
  • The manufacturer shall conduct CAT6-specific installation training for the integrator, and the integrator concerned may participate in the installation and construction of the CAT6 project only after training (the user may request the integrator to present such a training certificate).
  • CAT6 cable so that the CAT6UTP reaches the isolation between the inner structure line of the twisted-pair line and the line pair, and reduces its crosstalk, including the internal structure of the jump wiring of the CAT6 finished product. At the same time, the connector part, such as CAT6 information module and wiring frame, should have the design of high and low contact point, so that the jumper RT45 and wiring module RJ45 interface matching is consistent.
  • CAT6 products, especially the CAT6 wiring frame, to have a backplane line system, such as a backplane wire or backplane wire ring, in the binding of the CAT6 beam, to use a professional strapping belt to prevent damage to the internal structure of the CAT6 cable, and the backplate wire to play the minimum requirements of the cable bending degree.
  • CAT6 product installation to meet the comprehensive wiring standard channel 100 meters and the link 90 meters standard distance, cable pipe design should be depending on the outer diameter of the CAT6, and the ultra-CAT5 wiring system is different.

Detwyler launched the CAT6 wiring system, the use of cross-star skeleton design, a long history, advanced production equipment, mature products, a wide range of applications, through a series of domestic and foreign third-party and official testing institutions testing, access to the owners of the same praise, fundamentally different from other manufacturers of OEM products.

After choosing a good CAT6 wiring system, the next construction process should not be underestimated.

So, CAT6 wiring system installation should pay attention to what matters?

1. The Laying horizontal groove should pay attention to the structure of horizontal groove, whether there is a metal burr in the horizontal groove, all steel pipe mouth to install plastic nozzle, to avoid damage to the cable.

2. When installing the horizontal subsystem, the laying cable should pay attention to the tension of the cable, whether the ultra-CAT5 wiring system or the CAT6 wiring system, especially the CAT6 wiring system, the cable can not receive more tension than the cable manufacturer specified the maximum bearing force, in the tia/EIA-568-b.1 there are provisions of 4pair The UTP cable pull is less than 110N = lbf (lb), pulling over the assembly to make the twisting line in the cable change the number of layers, seriously affecting the cable noise resistance (NEXT. Fext) The ability conductor and the tensile damage of the insulating layer, reduce the transmission performance of the cable, lead to the reduction of the insertion loss (insertion LOSS) and the stability of the failure characteristic resistance (impedance), resulting in the value of the Echo loss (return LOSS) to reduce the bridge design is reasonable,Ensure the appropriate cable bending radius, which should be noted in the inter-management subsystem or workspace subsystem, the cable to the module installation and cable to the wiring rack installation, cable bending radius should be noted.

The cable bends too large, will change the cable inside the layer space, in the tensile force is too large, the twisted line pair will loosen, thus forming the mismatch impedance, so that the echo loss performance cannot meet the standard (and CAT6 for Echo loss is more important. In addition, the relationship between the layers of the 4 line pairs in the cable may change, resulting in a decrease in noise resistance.

3. According to the TIA/EIA-568-B.1 specification horizontal wiring, 4 Pair UTP cable bending radius cannot be less than 4 times the diameter of the installed cable, CAT6 and 4pair sftp is 8 times. The area where such problems often occur is the wiring cabinet. There, the plug-in panel is plugged in a large number of cables, in order to let the wiring cabinet inside the cable neatly placed, some cables will be squeezed and bent too serious, often these will not be found, even the most careful installers may inadvertently make such a mistake, thus worsening the performance of the wiring system. This also means that the minimum bending radius of the catheter that guides the cable is 50mm.

This has important and far-reaching implications for catheter systems in buildings that were originally installed or required to be fitted with smaller diameter cables.

4. The impact of cable extrusion within the management subsystem is also a point of failure that is easy to appear in the CAT6 installation, and the cable should be avoided by squeezing it too tightly to compress the cable.

This problem mainly occurs in the case of many bundles or bundles of cables, located on the periphery of the cable under the pressure than the wire harness inside the large, pressure over the assembly so that the cable in the twisting line deformation, as mentioned above to affect the performance, mainly manifested as the echo loss has become the main fault mode. The effect of echo loss can be accumulated, so that the impact of each too tight tether band is added to the total echo loss. Can imagine the worst-case scenario, in the long suspension chain, fixed a cable, every 300mm there is a tether belt, so that the fixed cable if there is 40m, then the cable is 134 squeezed, when you use the tether belt, especially pay attention to the strength of the strap, the cable belt as long as enough to bundle the cable is enough.

Here’s a good principle to follow, which is to make sure that when you use a cable with a fastening cable, the cable skin does not deform. In the wiring cabinet, but also to pay extra attention to this point, because the wiring cabinet inside the cable density is very high, in order to keep the cable neat, it is possible to tie the cable too tight, in addition to the plug panel behind, because it is difficult to receive the end contact, but also easy to cause this problem.

The solution to this problem is generally to use a tether hook or ring, preferably with a professional nylon strap, which does not oppress the cable, and they are easy to remove, which on the one hand simplifies the operation of adding cables to the cable harness, but on the other hand, the cable is also vulnerable to damage.

5. The connection and traction of the cable between the workspace subsystem and the management subsystem will also cause the CAT6 installation to fail. In the CAT6 module, the outer skin of the cable PVC insulating layer is required to be aligned with the IDC line Terminal, in order to reduce the crosstalk value of the near end line pair, at the same time, the cable reaches the IDC line Terminal Blade, as far as possible do not destroy the stranded line.

The same is true of the wiring rack, for the cabinet, the cable of the two wiring mode is the use of the top horizontal groove out, the second is the use of anti-static plate out mode, two ways to reach the CAT6 wiring frame back plate wire, should pay attention to the bending radius of the cable, should be greater than 90 degrees right angle. At the end of the cable, the cable skin should not be removed unless necessary. Neither the TIA nor the ISO wiring standard indicates the length of the outer skin to be removed and removes the outer skin as little as possible, ensuring the torsion rate and the number of twisting layers in the cable.

If the outer skin removed by IDC is too long, it will affect the next and fast performance of the cabling system.

6. The CAT6 installation process is mainly to pay attention to the control of tension, for the cable with reel packaging, the pre-pulled line cannot be too much, to avoid multiple lines in the field entangled around.

7. In the subsystem of each CAT6 cabling system, if you do not accept the training installed in this system must not be installed on the CAT6 wiring system, the connecting module and wiring equipment should pay attention to the vertical and horizontal of the wire knife.

8. Throughout the construction period, the process of timely notification, the building of various engineering owners to timely communication, found problems immediately notify party A, in other follow-up work before the start of the timely completion of this type of task. To sum up, a high-quality CAT6 wiring system, in addition to the choice of a mature product, construction technology is also the key to determine the application of the entire system.